Lethwei is the only Southeast Asian boxing method that is still fought using bare-fists. Similar boxing methods of neighboring countries including Muay Thai in Thailand, Pradal Serey in Cambodia and Muay Lao in Laos have all adopted the wearing of gloves in competition.^2,4

For Lethwei, the lack of gloves allows for a wider range of striking techniques with the hands. Bare-fist punches must be thrown with greater skill and precision than those thrown when wearing gloves. This is primarily due to the greater risk of damage to the bare hand. As a result of this reality, Lethwei fighters must take special care to protect their hands during competitions and training to prevent injury.^2,4

The use of headbutts adds to the unique and practical nature of Lethwei. Headbutting is an effective means of attack and counterattack, especially during clinching or grappling at close range. The head can also be used defensively to counter a punch, potentially causing significant damage to the opponent’s fist.^2,4

The combination of bare-handed punching and headbutting, as well as elbowing, kneeing, clinching, trapping, choking, and throwing techniques allows the Lethwei fighter to inflict more damage to an opponent. These facts also place the Lethwei fighter at greater risk of harm. The increased threat of harm is especially evident when compared to other kickboxing traditions where gloves are required, the use of the head is banned, and trapping, throwing, and choking techniques are illegal. The range of techniques, the distance from the opponent and impact area are the three essential characteristics of Lethwei. Its vast arsenal of technical and tactical skills provides for a much greater range of fighting options.²